Drifting electron holes (DEH)

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Drifting electron holes (DEHs), originally found in the geosynchronous particle data (Sergeev et al., 1992) are substorm related regions of decreased energetic (tens and hundreds of keV) electron fluxes that drift around the Earth just like electron injections (enhancements of fluxes) do. It has been shown that DEHs actually are injections that just happen to result to decrease of fluxes at the observed energies and radial distances (Shukhtina et al., 1996).

References

Sergeev, V. A., T. Bösinger, R. D. Belian, G. D. Reeves, and T. E. Cayton, Drifting holes in the energetic electron flux at geosynchronous orbit following the substorm onset, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 6541-6548, 1992.
Shukhtina, M. A., V. A. Sergeev, L. I. Vagina, R. Rasinkangas, T. Bösinger, K. Mursula, G. Kremser, A. Korth, G. D. Reeves, and H. J. Singer, Drifting electron holes observed by CRRES spacecraft, in Proceedings for the third International Conference on Substorms (ICS-3), ESA SP-389, pp. 591-596, 1996.